Bipolar Disorder

• Bipolar I Disorder : You’ve experienced at least one manic episode, which may have been preceded or followed by serious depressed or hypomanic episodes. Mania may occasionally cause a break from reality (psychosis).

• Bipolar Type II Disorder :  However, you’ve never experienced a manic episode. Instead, you’ve had at least one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode.

• Cyclothymic Disorder : You’ve experienced numerous periods of hypomania symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms for at least two years, or one year in adolescents and teenagers (though less severe than major depression).

Despite being two different types of events, hypomania and mania share the same symptoms. Mania is more severe than hypomania and results in more obvious issues with relationships, employment, school, and social activities. A psychotic break (psychosis) brought on by mania may also necessitate hospitalization.

• Unusually happy, jittery, or wired

• Increased energy, activity, or excitement

• Inflated sense of happiness and confidence (euphoria)

• Fewer sleep hours required unusual talkativeness

• Flustered thinking

• Distractibility

• Making poor decisions, such as going on shopping binges, taking sexual risks, or making foolish investment decisions

Hypomania and Mania Phase

Three or more of the following symptoms are present in both manic and hypomanic episodes:

Depressed Phase

Meanwhile, the signs of bipolar disorder’s Depressive phase can include:

• Extremely depressed, anxious, or hopeless.

• Really agitated

• Insomnia or excessive sleeping

• Fatigue or a decrease in energy

• Reduced capacity for thought, concentration, or indecision as a result of excessive or improper remorse or feelings of worthlessness

• Suicidal ideation, preparation, or attempt

Some medical professionals believe that an imbalance in the neurotransmitters or other chemicals that control brain activity is what causes this condition. Some people claim that bipolar disorder is inherited.

Bipolar disorder is thought to be caused by a variety of factors, such as:

– A traumatic incident.

– Environmental and lifestyle factors

– Genetic components (a family history of bipolar disorder).

Drug therapy and psychotherapy are also possible forms of treatment. Bipolar disorder treatment tries to lessen symptom recurrence, assist patients in getting back to their regular routines, and lower the likelihood that they may develop other health issues.

There is currently no known way to avoid bipolar disorder. However, patients are recommended to consistently take prescribed medications or engage in psychotherapy to lessen the recurrence of symptoms.

Beberapa profesional medis percaya bahwa ketidakseimbangan neurotransmiter atau bahan kimia lain yang mengontrol aktivitas otak adalah penyebab kondisi ini. Beberapa orang mengklaim bahwa gangguan bipolar diwariskan.
Gangguan bipolar diduga disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti:
– Kejadian traumatis.
– Faktor lingkungan dan gaya hidup
– Komponen genetik (riwayat keluarga gangguan bipolar).

Terapi obat dan psikoterapi juga merupakan bentuk pengobatan yang memungkinkan. Perawatan gangguan bipolar mencoba untuk mengurangi kekambuhan gejala, membantu pasien untuk kembali ke rutinitas biasa mereka, dan menurunkan kemungkinan mereka mengembangkan masalah kesehatan lainnya.

Saat ini tidak ada cara yang diketahui untuk menghindari gangguan bipolar. Namun, pasien disarankan untuk secara konsisten meminum obat yang diresepkan atau melakukan psikoterapi untuk mengurangi kekambuhan gejala.